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I guess some people don't like Paul Krugman

Doug Ross called his criticism of my earlier post "Fisking." I had no idea what that meant, so I looked it up in Urban Dictionary. Apparently, it refers to taking apart an argument, paragraph by paragraph. I had been doing that for years in STF and had no idea that it had a name! (I guess it didn't have a name until recently.) Anyway, here are some things Ned had to say:

Cynical is an understatement. Yes, corporations will benefit from private accounts, and that does include CEOs. But so will average workers whose 401ks or IRAs hold these stocks, or John Doe who owns a mutual fund.

CEOs have much more money than "average workers" invested in stocks, either in other companies or their own companies. Stock options are very common for CEOs these days. An average CEO is 65,000 shares of company stock as part of his compensation package, reports Ron Kasznik of the Stanford Graduate School of Business. Furthermore, The Economist reports that 58% of the compensation of US CEOs in 2001 came in the form of stock options. Furthermore, only 1.7% of non-executive employees received stock options in 2001. (Source.) As for the "average worker," he probably doesn't own that much in stock. A New York University study showed that "the wealthiest 1 percent of Americans owned 33.6 percent of stock market wealth, while the poorest 80 percent owned less than 11 percent" in 2001. (Source.) Having stocks is all about quantity. The more stocks you have, the more money you make. If you have a few investments here and there, you're making chump change compared to people who own thousands and thousands of shares.

Come to think of it, more investment means these companies will have more capital. That translates into more jobs.

Only if these companies decide to transfer their increased revenue into hiring more workers. Giving corporations more money does not mean that they will hire more people. This same debate occurred in 2003 when Bush planned to lower the dividend tax from 38.1% to 15%. In response to a lower tax rate on dividends in 2003, a study found "an overall increase in dividend payments following enactment [of the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003]." The study also found "that a firm’s dividend increases [were] positively correlated with the percentage of its shares held by individuals" (Source). I have not yet seen a study which purports that an increase in corporate revenue necessarily entails an increase in jobs.

Beyond that, what no one is mentioning is how this new reform is completely consistent with FDR's philosophy. The New Deal was one big experiement, and that includes Social Security. FDR once said "...this country needs bold, persistent experimentation. It is common sense to take a method and try it: If it fails, admit it frankly and try another. But above all, try something."

I'm certainly not a proponent of this. It's a terrible ideaa: "try something"? Even if it probably won't work? Even if it costs trillons of dollars, and economists agree that it won't solve the long-term problems with Social Security? Why not "try something" that will be guaranteed to work instead of trying the first idea that comes to mind? Shouldn't there be a commission created to look at the problems with Social Security and recommend solutions? There's a better idea. Social Security problems are not so dire that they will result in insolvency tomorrow. There's time enough to examine the problem and come up with a better solution.

And if you're cynical enough to believe that private accounts are sure-things for executives, then that means they are sure-things for every shareholder. You've just answered all the neighsayers who warn of Enron-style doom and gloom. Thank you for that.

They're sure things for executives because they have far more money invested in the system than the "average shareholder." It's not merely about having money; it's about how much money. Bush tax relief was supposed to be a great thing for John Q. Taxpayer, except that when you reduce individual income taxes for very wealthy people, they will tend to save their money rather than spend it. The Laffer hypothesis has been "rejected, including by a heavy majority of Republican economists," says Jeffrey Frankel of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. Theoretically, people who make a lot of money will inject more money into the economy when they get a tax break. In practice, that's not what happens. A three-percent tax cut for John Q. Taxpayer is much less in real dollar amounts than a three-percent tax cut for Warren Buffett. The amounts of the same percentage differ between small numbers and large numbers, and we are concerned with dollars, not percentages.

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Comments

This has absolutely nothing to do with your post, which I didn't read. (HA!)

I just wanted to say hello. I love all your pictures, especially the ones from fall. I can't wait for my favorite season to return later this year!

A) That is SO my name.
B) Doug Ross is a doctor on ER, not a real person, obviously. I think your friends (aka imaginary ones) need to think up better names for themselves. For shame. And Hamlet said There's something rotten in my Maytag Washer/Dryer combo. Loser.

I would "fisk" your article but this damn thing won't let me have italics.

I should have said more capital is necessarily a positive on the whole. It will be reinvested somewhere, whether in the form of infrastructure, jobs, dividends, or share buyback.

I don't know if anyone realizes the beauty of this proposed system.. Thankfully, President Bush, the MBA President, does.

I clicked on the Jeffrey Frankel link today to see what his beef is with Arthur Laffer. For starters, Frankel explains the "Laffer Hypothesis" (I assume this would include the Laffer Curve) as such: "Tax cuts stimulate economic activity so much that revenue goes up rather than down." There is one word for this summary: false.

The Laffer Curve is essentially the law of diminishing returns applied to taxation. It does not say that a tax cut always generates more revenue. People, Dr. Frankel included, who make this claim have a fundamental misunderstanding of the Laffer Curve and Supply-Side Economics in general.

What the Laffer Curve shows is this: a change in tax rates will have both an arithmetic effect and an economic effect. To quote Dr. Laffer:"The arithmetic effect is simply that if tax rates are lowered, tax revenues (per dollar of tax base) will be lowered by the amount of the decrease in the rate. The reverse is true for an increase in tax rates. The economic effect, however, recognizes the positive impact that lower tax rates have on work, output, and employment--and thereby the tax base--by providing incentives to increase these activities. Raising tax rates has the opposite economic effect by penalizing participation in the taxed activities. The arithmetic effect always works in the opposite direction from the economic effect. Therefore, when the economic and the arithmetic effects of tax-rate changes are combined, the consequences of the change in tax rates on total tax revenues are no longer quite so obvious."

There is more. Dr. Frankel, if you are out there, listen up. "The Laffer Curve itself does not say whether a tax cut will raise or lower revenues. Revenue responses to a tax rate change will depend upon the tax system in place, the time period being considered, the ease of movement into underground activities, the level of tax rates already in place, the prevalence of legal and accounting-driven tax loopholes, and the proclivities of the productive factors. If the existing tax rate is too high--in the "prohibitive range"--then a tax-rate cut would result in increased tax revenues. The economic effect of the tax cut would outweigh the arithmetic effect of the tax cut."

Anyone who still believes that cutting taxes on the highest marginal rates has no impact, simply look at history, e.g.: the Harding/Coolidge tax cuts, the Kennedy/Johnson tax cuts, the Reagan tax cuts.

Want something even newer? Just look at Eastern Europe and the countries which are witnessing economic growth, all amidst a Europe that has 9% unemployment and weak GDP numbera. Look at the Celtic Tiger, Ireland, who cut corporate tax rates to near 12% and experienced secular growth. Look at Latvia,Estonia, Lithuania, Serbia, Ukraine, Slovakia, Russia, etc.

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